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Last Posted: Apr 05, 2024
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Clinical Value of Molecular Targets and FDA-Approved Genome-Targeted Cancer Therapies.
Ariadna Tibau et al. JAMA Oncol 2024 4

From the abstract: "What is the validity of the molecular targets and clinical benefits of US Food and Drug Administration–approved genome-targeted cancer drugs based on the results of pivotal clinical trials? In this cohort study, 50 molecular-targeted drugs covering 84 indications were identified. Using an international grading system to evaluate molecular targetability strength (European Society for Medical Oncology Scale for Clinical Actionability of Molecular Targets) and a scale to assess clinical benefit in genome-targeted cancer therapies (European Society for Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale), 24 indications (29%) supported high-benefit genomic-based cancer treatments. The therapeutic benefit grading frameworks used in this study can help stakeholders identify therapies with the greatest clinical potential. "

Deep learning in cancer genomics and histopathology
M Unger et al, Genome Medicine, March 27, 2024

From the abstract: " Histopathology and genomic profiling are cornerstones of precision oncology and are routinely obtained for patients with cancer. Traditionally, histopathology slides are manually reviewed by highly trained pathologists. Genomic data, on the other hand, is evaluated by engineered computational pipelines. In both applications, the advent of modern artificial intelligence methods, specifically machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), have opened up a fundamentally new way of extracting actionable insights from raw data, which could augment and potentially replace some aspects of traditional evaluation workflows. "

Understanding perceptions of tumor genomic profile testing in Black/African American cancer patients in a qualitative study: the role of medical mistrust, provider communication, and family support
CC Luck et al, J Comm Genetics, Feb 16, 2024

From the abstract: "Tumor genomic profiling (TGP) examines genes and somatic mutations specific to a patient’s tumor to identify targets for cancer treatments but can also uncover secondary hereditary (germline) mutations. Most patients are unprepared to make complex decisions related to this information. Black/African American (AA) cancer patients are especially at risk because of lower health literacy, higher levels of medical mistrust, and lower awareness and knowledge of genetic testing. But little is known about their TGP attitudes or preferences. "

Forget lung, breast or prostate cancer: why tumour naming needs to change The conventional way of classifying metastatic cancers according to their organ of origin is denying people access to drugs that could help them.
F Andre et al, Nature, January 31, 2024

From the article: " Over the past century, the two main approaches to treating people with cancer — surgery and radiation — have focused on where in the body the tumour is. This has led to medical oncologists and other health-care providers, regulatory agencies, insurance companies, drug firms — and patients — categorizing cancers according to the organ in which the tumour originated. Yet there is a growing disconnect between classifying cancers in this way and developments in precision oncology, which uses the molecular profiling of tumour and immune cells to guide therapies."

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Disclaimer: Articles listed in the Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base are selected by the CDC Office of Public Health Genomics to provide current awareness of the literature and news. Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the update, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.

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